01. Overproduction - If each breeding pair of elephants produces 6 offspring during a 90-year life span, in 750 years a single pair of elephants will have given rise to a population of 19 million.
02. Variation - Each individual has a unique combination of traits, such as, size, color and ability to tolerate harsh environments. Some traits improve the chances of an individual's survival and reproductive success whereas others do not.
03. Differential Reproductive Success - Those individuals that possess the most favorable combination of characteristics are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass their traits to the next generation.
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